Published in 1976, the year of the Viking landings, Albert Ducrocq's book surveys our knowledge of Mars, from telescopic observation (Galileo, Cassini, Schiaparelli, Lowell) to the findings of American and Soviet robotic missions (Mariner, Mars, Viking). It details the Viking programme and its life-detection experiments, whose results proved ambiguous, then turns to the prospects of future exploration: Martian rovers, crewed Earth-Mars flight and terraforming the planet. Two appendices gather the planet's physical data and the technical specifications of the spacecraft. Richly illustrated.