12 Septembre 1959
A minute-by-minute chronicle of the Soviet Lunik II mission, the first spacecraft to reach the lunar surface on September 12, 1959. Albert Ducrocq traces the radio announcement, the launch from the Kazakhstan cosmodrome, tracking by the Jodrell Bank radio telescope, and the confirmed impact, before analysing international press reactions, the military implications of Soviet precision, and the geopolitical stakes: USSR scientific organisation, American lag, and the future of the space race.